23.Draw the block diagram of conical scan radar , one-coordinate monopulse tracking and explain its operation. • Coherent radar uses the same local oscillator reference for transmit and receive. Explain automatic tracking with surveillance radar. Explain with a neat block diagram of conical scan tracking radar 11. Explanation A:1.operate the radar at long wavelengths. • The duplexer permits a single antenna to be time-shared for both transmission and reception. With neat diagram explain the operation of sequential lobing and conical scan (16) 5. Explain the various factors that need to be considered in determining the optimum squint angle. Fig: Conical-scan tracking A block diagram of the angle-tracking portion of typical conical-scan tracking radar is shown in Fig. 25. This technique is referred to as inverse conical scan and is a common means of deceiving conical scan tracking systems. (16) UNIT III .x�J`�����k�"�D�F�D̈��i���4b&d���#`R�m#&2ŜH��\���\$�r�����L/q�eO����@gJ��;�������ːi.q�!�R����4��ѽ�I*�L�zL5x��O�-ךYM�'$�u�%>�����d�*L� 2�:�F@�b*b�w��a�����mM*4�`�.�T�!������&��Ht�D���T�"-F�kmD����tDt$��[Œ�^�{ٿ���M�! The latter type of feed Tracking Radar: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Mono pulse Tracking Radar – Amplitude Comparison Mono pulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Mono pulse, Tracking in Range, Acquisition and Scanning Patterns, Comparison of Trackers. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.44 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
(10M). This technique is referred to as inverse conical scan and is a common means of deceiving conical scan tracking systems. With a suitable diagram, explain the working on conical scan tracking radar. When accurate target position and motion information is desired, however, special radars called tracking radars are often used. Explain in detail about pulse Doppler radar 9. Author: SIA PUBLISHERS, Published by SIA Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd.. Tracking Radar Measures the coordinate of a target for determining the target path as well as to predict its future coordinates Based on the measured coordin… Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The echo signal obtained from the target gets modulated at a frequency … With a suitable block diagram explain the working of a conical scan tracking radar. •• Angle tracking: sequential lobing, conical scan and monopulse •• Range tracking ... Track-while-scan. These indicators are used in manual and manual-aided tracking of a target and supply helpful information during automatic tracking. Introduction 13.2. The system also makes jamming more difficult. • a hostile ecm jammer can disrupt conical – scan tracking of radar by retransmitting the received radar signal with an amp. A rotating feed causes the polarization to rotate. You can generate a conical scan pattern, as shown in figure 1, by using a rotating feed driven by a motor in the housing at the rear of the dish. 6. 8 TRACKING RADAR: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, CO - 3 1. April 2012 7. When the feed is designed to maintain the plane of polarization as it rotates about the axis, it is called a nutating feed. 109: Answers . <>
endobj 2004 21-Angle Tracking.doc Conical Scan Figure 7: Conical Scanning • A single beam displaced in angle by less than the antenna beamwidth is nutated on its axis. Most radars … 235: Answers . Squint angle is the angle between beam axis and rotation axis and it is shown in the above figure. Explanation 1.operate the radar at long wavelengths. The reference generator has two outputs that extract elevation and azimuth errors. In this video, i have explained Conical scanning in RADAR tracking with following aspects.1. (b.) The echo signal that is received is fed to the receiver from the antenna via two rotary joints (not shown in the block diagram). 23.Draw the block diagram of conical scan radar , one-coordinate monopulse tracking and explain its operation. UNIT-5 <> The antenna is mounted so that it can be positioned in both azimuth and elevation by separate motors, which might be either electric- or hydraulic-driven. For example, the top scan position may be chosen as zero phase for a cosine function of the scan frequency. 5(a.) ���+9Tl�>�XSʇ"xϤ.ŷvR}9�0�L�[�'�M��ꇻ� )�Fc�p���q� Here the radar is in the surveillance mode and attempts to form tracks of detected targets (although it is ... Block diagram of a phase comparison monopulse AZIMUTH SERVO CHANNEL FIG. TRACKING RADAR . (k�L�uH��f��x�ws��p]:K���������L*�)� �o�\�}���wpə��){�wcႳ�b��J+����1��UV���Y����0���ȋ�y�p-���p���_�Z\q�A� T��mP�R\l��+ŕ��P��kآ�IF�괶�9������*�n��� �n��$�'��[!�j���{t Kk#�I�e��3��<,7چ�
���JGY�q��F5��nV����+�LY��P�\ۺ���f�S�f7�D͝V�xp�s�h߇��ZG_Ƙ�Vj]tty8Z�5����-������f!/��8/>|�oG�����IO�6*��.���z����`!O"�]�F�u�Y�d�O�"n�P�e���.��O��#����飂y}dPk�g�. Here the radar is dedicated to the tracking function. 7).Distinguish between search radar and tracking radar? Feeding Technique of Conical Scan Tracking Radar The parabolic antenna feed can be a rear feed design for mechanical convenience. This chapter describes the conical-scan, sequential-lobing, and monopulse (both phase comparison and amplitude comparison) tracking-radar techniques, with the main emphasis on the amplitude-comparison monopulse radar. Tracking Radar Basics and operation. �IZP�Ǧ!-�%2w��~R�E����XB�~. Block diagram conical scan radar explanation 24.Explain blind speed and the methods for reducing the effects of blind speeds. Explain the various factors that need to be considered in determining the optimum squint angle. Kings College of Engineering / EC1013 / Radar and Navigational Aids Page 2 3. 4).Explain the block diagram of AGC portion of tracking radar receiver 5).Explain about sequential Lobing 6).What are the advantages of monopulse radar over conical scan radar? Radar Block Diagram • This receiver is a superheterodyne receiver because of the intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier. Define the terms blind speed and MTI improvement factor. Monopulse radar is a radar system that uses additional encoding of the radio signal to provide accurate directional information. Conical scanning is a system used in early radar units to improve their accuracy, as well as making it easier to steer the antenna properly to point at a target. (10M). 5. Explain with a neat diagram about sequential lobing 10. April 2012 7. UNIT-5 ����د�'���ZG�b�]ޠ��O�]��=3�[0�0����iߟ��Z�Ǹ?PAt�%�h7��9*�J�{B�(K1U��u^�n��v#Ȼ�ҳ�:Ʉ���wG����N����'��6���-!��������*�endstream (b.) A N T E N N The A T H E O R Y & D E S I G N I I S T Why AGC is required echo -signal amplitude at the tracking radar receiver will not be constant but will vary with time. Range Gating" As a result, the radar's tracking system drives the radar away from the target. !��᪻jO�2��nv:�������'$1����>����-���kg����^��-�aE]�?�J���t�j���`�}�5�S*n���s*LZ��?� �wb����0t+
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}����]��h�����aÜ9~����e��E�>( S��Aa$cQ��Ec�^tؠ���=o�� Nٱij�K0��,0�ڄ F�&=F��A��]����͔U�h�0�:f�N������K�y�a��u\�l��LP^m�1��C@�����-!���#�yB8H4�Yx�ś5yђ�e�z�I1K��lK�nx�������-S̲���/�A'f���&��l�YC@�˒A�:m�S�o(2�"���TXk�'N��/"p�&k˙��7� ��+2eU(��+T�3a'5��6� A.y3�ej}�,�K�3�ui�dž��vћ��X� ��2��ÈB��~q���.�Y��V���g4M��?��:IHt�e%�"SV�RkɝkIP���2�J-m�[�C"��ڶ�AΠ�ho�x�8+�~��N�C;�b�g��N[� ̀��T�⭱ ��:�p�'��~KrD@ݛ%��E�"�w X+�s7�g4��w���]CP���ܼ�{[x�>S���"�^�jlu�Q��7�=�&dM���6j��/�Ё�j���)�jh&줆�j�)��ڧ��[��o�E�!_����3��WJ���)���0�xIAE��2�������I���f�6UA��Qr�L�c��Tq�p��s�[�q|�>�;�oK&m����.�����䰬���; ����{�ф� G��F}��3%ѧkJ�tBJe�E�q����(�'���%'�-��������5e;ppk���?�c�gS�6�O�GE�8'��S( {d�=��Tu�#��p�Æ�T7[��p"��89u~�P��;�S�Z^鞀�,/��t�il��r�ϣ��u]A���/y~o:Y3�Y�+ob}��l�6?���E�|���`7�n��? Tracking Radar: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Mono pulse Tracking Radar – Amplitude Comparison Mono pulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Mono pulse, Tracking in Range, Acquisition and Scanning Patterns, Comparison of Trackers. 23.Draw the block diagram of conical scan radar , one-coordinate monopulse tracking and explain its operation. If the feed maintains the plane of polarization fixed as it rotates, it is called a nutating feed. 2. operate with a high pulse repetition frequency 3. operate with more than one pulse repetition frequency 4.operate with more than one RF frequency. Explain with a block diagram of non coherent MTI radar 8. 18.3 Conical-scan tracking. Apr 11 6. Where: ws is the beam scan frequency, in radians per second . Lecture Assignment I/Quiz-I/Mid-I/ Open book test 9 Mid-Test-1 10 Monopulse Tracking Radar – Amplitude Comparison,Monop ulse (one&two Explanation A:1.operate the radar at long wavelengths. Monopulse radar avoids problems seen in conical scanning radar systems, which can be confused by rapid changes in signal strength. Radar Block Diagram • This receiver is a superheterodyne receiver because of the intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier. • military conical – scan and lobe switching tracking radars are vulnerable to ecm, since conical scan freq can be determined easily. 18.4 Block diagram of a conical-scan radar. 18.2 SCANNINGANDLOBING The first technique used for angle tracking of targets by radar was to sense the Radar Systems Lecture Notes J.Sridevi Assoc.Prof. The figure-1 below mentions block diagram of simple tracking radar. Why is amplitude comparison Monopulse is likely to be preferred over the phase comparison Monopulse and conical scan tracker over sequential lobing, or lobe switching, tracker? The three major causes of variation in amplitude are due to (1) target cross section (P